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Angelina Jolie graced the red carpet with her 16-year-old son, Knox Jolie-Pitt, at the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences’ Annual Governors Awards in Los Angeles. Mother and son posed arm in arm, and Jolie could not stop flashing her pearly white teeth at the cameras. Jolie wore a gold gown which she paired with a chunky silver neck piece and drop earrings. She kept her hair in a half-up half-down style, while her makeup accentuated her eyes and high cheekbones. Knox kept it simple but classy in a black suit, matching bow tie and a white inner shirt. Meet Knox Jolie-Pitt Angelina Jolie and Knox Jolie-Pitt/Instagram Knox is one of Jolie’s six children, along with her ex-husband Brad Pitt, and he is mostly shielded from the spotlight, making his recent appearance a rare one. His last red carpet appearance was in 2021 when he joined Jolie, his twin sister Vivienne, and older siblings Maddox, Zahara, and Shiloh at the Eternals premiere in London. Although Jolie recently revealed that her children are unlikely to pursue an entertainment career like her and Pitt, Knox has shown signs of a future in acting. He did the voice of Ku Ku in Kung Fu Panda 3 and appeared in the TV movie The Queen’s Green Planet. Angelina Jolie and Knox Jolie-Pitt/Instagram Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie’s children  Moreover, showbiz has been a family business for the Jolie-Pitts, as each of them—including Knox—has worked with either parent at some point. The former couple gave their children early starts in life and careers, as their first son, Maddox, made his executive producing debut at 15. Shiloh Nouvel Jolie-Pitt, Vivienne Marcheline Jolie-Pitt, Angelina Jolie, Zahara Marley Jolie-Pitt, Knox Leon Jolie-Pitt 09/30/2019 The World Premiere of “Maleficent: Mistress of Evil”/ImageCollect Pax joined Maddox at the time as a photographer on the set of First They Killed My Father, after which he worked alongside Knox in Kung Fu Panda 3 as Yoo. Knox’s twin sister Vivienne famously played the younger Aurora in Maleficent, as previously cast kids were too terrified of Jolie’s costume. Next up: Goldie Hawn And Kate Hudson Wear Matching Plunging Onesies For New Holiday Campaign The post Angelina Jolie Attends The Governors Awards Event With Teenage Son, Knox Jolie-Pitt appeared first on DoYouRemember? - The Home of Nostalgia. Author, Peace A

Thanks to the Hubble Space Telescope, we all have a vivid image of the Crab Nebula emblazoned in our mind’s eyes. It’s the remnant of a supernova explosion Chinese astronomers recorded in 1056. However, the Crab Nebula is more than just a nebula; it’s also a pulsar. The Crab Pulsar pulsates in an unusual ‘zebra’ pattern, and an astrophysicist at the University of Kansas thinks he’s figured out why. When massive stars explode as supernovae, they leave behind remnants: either a stellar-mass black hole or a neutron star. SN 1054 left behind the latter. The neutron star is highly magnetized and spins rapidly, emitting beams of electromagnetic radiation from its poles. As it spins, the radiation is intermittently directed towards Earth, making it visible to us. In this case, it’s called a pulsar. Pulsars are complex objects. They’re extremely dense and can pack up to three solar masses of material into a sphere as small as 30 km in diameter. Their magnetic fields are millions of times stronger than Earth’s, they can rotate hundreds of times per second, and their immense gravity warps space-time. And their cores are basically huge atomic nuclei. One result of their complexity is their radio emissions, and this is especially true of the Crab Pulsar. Pulsars are known for their main pulse (MP), but they also emit other pulses that are more difficult to detect. In 2007, radio astronomers Hankins and Eilek discovered a strange pattern in the Crab Pulsar’s high-frequency radio emissions. This is the only pulsar known to produce these patterns between the pulsar’s main pulse (MP) and its intermittent pulse (IP). “The mean profile of this star is dominated by a main pulse (MP) and an interpulse (IP),” Eilek and Hankins wrote in their paper. However, there are two additional pulses called HFC1 and HFC2 that create the zebra pattern. This figure shows the mean profile of the Crab pulsar over a wide range of frequencies. The MP and IP are shown by dashed lines at pulse phases 70° and 215°. However, between 4.7 and 8.4 GHz, the IP is offset from the IP at lower and higher frequencies. This constitutes the Crab Pulsar’s ‘zebra’ pattern. Two new high-frequency components also appear (labelled HFC1 and HFC2). Image Credit: Moffett & Hankins 1996. Nobody has succeeded in explaining this unusual pattern. However, new research published in Physical Review Letters may finally explain it. The author is Mikhail Medvedev, who specializes in Theoretical Astrophysics at the University of Kansas. His research is “Origin of Spectral Bands in the Crab Pulsar Radio Emission.” Medvedev says that the Crab Pulsar’s plasma-filled magnetosphere acts as a diffraction screen to produce the zebra pattern. This can explain the band spacing, the high polarization, the constant position angle, and other characteristics of the emissions. This figure shows the overall geometry of the crab pulsar system. The red star is the pulsar. Its emissions pass through the plasma-filled magnetosphere, which acts as a diffraction screen, producing the zebra pattern of pulses. Image Credit: Medvedev 2024. A typical pulsar emits radio emissions from its poles, as shown in the figure below. They sometimes emit two signals per rotation period, one radio and one high frequency. They appear in a different phase of the rotation, with the higher frequency emission produced outside the light cylinder, the region where linear speed approaches the speed of light. This figure shows how a standard pulsar emits radio emissions. Electrons and positrons are accelerated through one of the gaps in the magnetosphere. They stream along the open magnetic field lines and emit coherent radio emissions from the poles. Image Credit: National Radio Astronomy Observatory. But the Crab Pulsar is different. “The Crab pulsar is, in contrast, very special. Its radio main pulse and interpulse are coincident in phase with high-energy emission, indicating the same emission region,” Medvedev explains. Medvedev explains that the High-Frequency Interpulse (HFIP) produced by the diffraction effect creates the zebra pattern. “The spectral pattern of the high-frequency interpulse (HFIP), observed between about?~5 and ?~30 GHz is remarkably different and represents a sequence of emission bands resembling the“zebra” pattern,” he writes. This simple schematic helps explain the diffraction effect. The different colours represent different densities in the plasma field. Regions of the magnetosphere with different densities either co-rotate with the pulsar or not, helping create the zebra pattern in the emissions. Image Credit: Medvedev 2024. Medvedev’s proposed model has an additional benefit. He says it can be used to perform tomography on pulsars to uncover more details about their powerful magnetospheres. “The model allows one to perform “tomography” of the pulsar magnetosphere,” he writes. “We predict that this HFIP properties can also be observed in other pulsars if their radio and high energy emission are in phase. This would happen if the radio emission is produced in the outer magnetosphere as opposed to the “normal” emission from the polar region,” Medvedev explains. This composite image of the Crab Nebula features X-rays from Chandra (blue and white), optical data from Hubble (purple), and infrared data from Spitzer (pink). Chandra has repeatedly observed the Crab since the telescope was launched into space in 1999. Image Credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC/SAO; Optical: NASA/STScI; Infrared: NASA-JPL-Caltech Medvedev says his model can also explain the HFC1 and HFC2 in the Crab Pulsar’s emissions spectrum. They’re also artifacts of his proposed diffraction model. “We propose that these high-frequency components are the reflections off the magnetosphere of the same source producing the diffracted HFIP,” he explains. “To conclude, we propose a model, which explains the peculiar spectral band structure (the zebra pattern) of the high-frequency interpulse of the Crab pulsar radio emission,” Medvedev writes. The post The Strange Pulsar at the Center of the Crab Nebula appeared first on Universe Today.

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