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‘Space Censorship’ Confirmed, Revealing Secrets of Quantum Gravity
Physicists have developed a groundbreaking model providing mathematical proof that singularities inside black holes are hidden from observers.
In the 1960s, British physicist and mathematician Roger Penrose proposed the “cosmic censorship” principle, a hypothesis suggesting that singularities—regions of space-time with extreme gravitational forces—are always concealed behind a black hole’s event horizon.
Singularities are unique points where the classical laws of physics, such as general relativity, break down. Although Penrose’s description of black hole singularities is widely accepted, the “cosmic censorship” principle lacked mathematical proof—until now.
Four years ago, Penrose was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his pioneering work on singularities. Building on his ideas, researchers have developed a new model, published in Physical Review Letters, that mathematically demonstrates how singularities in quantum black holes remain hidden.
The authors of the study believe their findings could unravel long-standing mysteries surrounding quantum gravity, reports Interesting Engineering.
Unlike regular black holes, which form when massive stars collapse in supernova explosions, quantum black holes are theoretical subatomic objects that obey the laws of both quantum mechanics and general relativity.
While regular black holes are known to exist in space, quantum black holes have yet to be observed and remain speculative. Some scientists hypothesize they could be created in particle accelerators, such as the Large Hadron Collider.
To explore the hidden nature of singularities, physicists devised a model that examines how quantum matter interacts with quantum black holes. The model employs gravitational holography, a technique that studies gravity under extreme conditions.
Gravitational holography suggests that information about a black hole is encoded on its boundary, or event horizon—similar to how a hologram stores three-dimensional data in a two-dimensional image.
The model reveals that when quantum matter interacts with the space-time geometry of a quantum black hole, a quantum effect triggers the formation of an event horizon around the naked singularity, fully concealing it from observers. This phenomenon has been termed quantum “cosmic censorship” by the researchers.
While the new model confirms the “cosmic censorship” principle for quantum black holes, mathematical proof for classical black holes remains elusive. However, researchers are optimistic that this quantum breakthrough will pave the way for similar results in classical physics.
Physicists believe their findings mark a crucial step toward solving the mysteries of quantum gravity—the theoretical framework that seeks to unify quantum mechanics and general relativity.
A deeper understanding of black hole singularities and the behavior of “cosmic censorship” under quantum influences could provide significant insights into the fabric of the universe.
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