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Finishing the freeze drying of the Bosc &; Comice pear slices and cubes. Want to support this channel? Buy me a coffee :-) https://www.buymeacoffee.com/DanZm AFFILIATE LINKS &; REFERRALS ─────────────── As an Amazon Affiliate‚ I earn from qualifying purchases from the links provided. By clicking on the links‚ you can explore the products and tools I use. https://www.amazon.com/shop/schoolreports --------------------------------------------------- Harvest Right - If you are thinking of buying a freeze dryer‚ please consider supporting us by purchasing through our link. It helps us and costs you nothing! https://affiliates.harvestright.com/995.html ─────────────── Before buying a freeze dryer‚ perhaps research to find out more about the downside of the machine; some people have problems with their machine and it's big and heavy and hard to return! When trying to decide what to freeze dry you can start by asking why. Start by asking yourself this question. Why are you freeze drying food? Knowing this should help you decide what you should freeze dry first. I'm freeze drying because: Just to freeze dry leftovers? You want to make your own food for camping/backpacking? For if/when the SHTF? For a short term emergency? You have your own garden and want to freeze dry the food? You love Costco but don't have a family of 6? You are good at finding the food sales but only have 1 freezer? When you cook homemade chili just for yourself you make 10 gallons? Because you have 3 full freezers and are worried about power outages? If I knew then what I know now‚ I would have freeze dried things in a different order. Or maybe not‚ because I started freeze drying because we had 3 full freezers‚ I was thinking of getting another one‚ and I decided I should buy a walk-in freezer instead. I started looking into walk-ins and realized they were expensive to buy (even used ones) AND expensive to own and operate. Then I found out Harvest Right was making home sized freeze dryers. One of my first thoughts was "I like Mountain House!" I have used their food for backpacking almost 45 years and we even kept some in our travel trailer‚ for just in case. Freeze dried food will stay fresh for many years and be ready and waiting when you need it. We do videos showing how we are using our Harvest Right Freeze Dryer to freeze dry food for long term storage. (We have the medium size machine that we got in August of 2017) We talk about how to load and unload the freeze dryer‚ how to know if the food is dry‚ is it better to freeze dry raw food or cooked food‚ and do a few taste tests. Freeze dried food is also great for prepping or just for camping and snacking! We have been getting our Mylar bags and oxygen absorbers for PackFreshUSA.com and have been happy with the products and service we have received from them. --They are not a sponsor‚ we just like their stuff. Mylar bags: https://packfreshusa.com/mylar-gusset-bags-wholesale

Within almost every galaxy is a supermassive black hole. Millions‚ sometimes billions of solar masses locked within an event horizon of space and time. They can power luminous quasars‚ drive star formation‚ and change the evolution of a galaxy. Because of their size and abundance‚ supermassive black holes must have formed early in cosmic history. But how early is still an unanswered question. It’s a focus of a recent study on the arXiv. The team focused on distant quasars. Since the luminosity of a black hole depends in part on the size of the black hole‚ it can be used as a way to gauge the mass of early supermassive black holes. While quasars are fairly common in the early Universe‚ the team wanted to study the most distant quasars‚ which can appear quite faint to us. So they drew upon several JWST sky surveys‚ including COSMOS-Web‚ JADES‚ UNCOVER‚ CEERS‚ and PRIMER. From these surveys‚ they identified 350 compact galaxies with a redshift greater than z = 6. The light from these galaxies began their journey to Earth when the Universe was less than a billion years old‚ making them among the earliest galaxies. Of these‚ 64 of them appeared to have quasars‚ indicating the presence of an active supermassive black hole. They then compared the luminosity and redshift to determine the age and mass of the black holes. A sample of 64 isn’t huge‚ but it is enough for the team to apply Monte Carlo simulations to determine how the black holes evolved. How black hole growth models compare to observation. Credit: Andika‚ et al They found that statistically‚ these early supermassive black holes were large compared to their galaxies‚ having a mass of up to ten million solar masses‚ compared to a galactic mass of a few billion Suns. This ratio is higher than that of the local Universe‚ which suggests that the black holes form early when their galaxy is small‚ rather than later when the galaxy is larger and more evolved. This supports the direct collapse model of supermassive black holes rather than the idea that they grow in mass through the merger of smaller black holes. The authors do note that there is a bit of observational bias in their data. Because of the limits of observation‚ we are more likely to see more luminous and therefore more massive early black holes. So while this study shows that at least some early supermassive black holes formed by direct collapse‚ that doesn’t mean all of them did. But more deep sky surveys are in the pipeline‚ and with more data we will have more early black holes to study. Right now we know of dozens of early supermassive black holes. As that grows to hundreds we should be able to understand the various origins of galactic black holes. Reference: Andika‚ Irham T.‚ et al. “Tracing the rise of supermassive black holes: A panchromatic search for faint‚ unobscured quasars at z >; 6 with COSMOS-Web and other surveys.” arxiv preprint arXiv:2401.11826 (2024). The post Webb Sees Dozens Of Young Quasars in the First Billion Years of the Universe appeared first on Universe Today.