#preparedness #survival #selfreliance #collapse #shtf #teotwawki Links to the Patreon channel: https://www.patreon.com/integrativepreparedness Order My Books or T-Shirts Through the Stonemont Website: https://www.stonemont.us Links to my books on Amazon https://www.amazon.com/Steven-C.-Smith/e/B076G2J5NG%3Fref=dbs_a_mng_rwt_scns_share Stonemont channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYZhO7pBb12UQkhqfaCdHtw American Reversion Channel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YR80GXOrQgU Stonemont Church Channel: https://www.youtube.com/@stonemontchurch1761

The Great Depression was a time in American history where most folks had to live with little food on their shelves. After the notorious stock market crash of 1929, many breadwinners lost their jobs. This meant families now had to get by on just pennies per week, including food and rent. Families built up their pantries during this time with cheap yet filling foods that could sustain the whole household. We could learn a thing or two from them, and we should in case an even bigger economic depression comes along. If you want to know how to build a Great Depression pantry with some of the same items used in the 1930s, here is how they did it.

Sometimes in astronomy, a simple question has a difficult answer. One such question is this: what is the mass of our galaxy? On Earth, we usually determine the mass of an object by placing it on a scale or balance. The weight of an object in Earth’s gravitational field lets us determine the mass. But we can’t put the Milky Way on a scale. Another difficulty with massing our galaxy is that there are two types of mass. There is the mass of dark matter that makes up most of the Milky Way’s mass, and there is all the regular matter like stars, planets, and us, which is known as baryonic matter. We have several approaches to determining the total galactic mass, which usually involves measuring the speed of things such as stars, globular clusters, or nearby galaxies. Each of these approaches have strengths and weaknesses, though they all give a total value of a trillion solar masses, give or take a few hundred billion. All of these methods, however, only tell us the total mass. They say nothing about how much of the galaxy is baryonic mass. While baryonic mass is only a fraction of the total, it is what gives us all sorts of cool things like star formation, planetary systems, and digital watches. Calculating the baryonic mass of our galaxy is even more difficult because you have to count up all the mass of regular stuff without counting dark matter. That’s relatively easy to do for things like stars and dense molecular clouds, but it’s much more challenging for things such as diffuse interstellar clouds. This is particularly true for the halo of stars and gas surrounding the Milky Way. No matter how much stuff we see at the fringes of our galaxy, there may be even more lurking about we haven’t seen. Which is why a new study looks at high-velocity clouds (HVCs) in the halo. Most of the baryonic matter we have accounted for moves around the galaxy at the same rate. It’s easier to track things if you have an idea about how they move. But high-velocity clouds are different. They are interstellar clouds of hydrogen that can speed through the galactic halo at up to 500 km/s, and they often travel in directions very different from the galactic plane. Some astronomers have argued that HVCs might comprise a good portion of baryonic matter in the halo. So the team looked at data from the Galactic All Sky Survey (GASS) to determine whether this is true. An image of the total GASS dataset. Credit: S. Janowiecki The GASS survey was made by the Parkes radio telescope in Australia and captured radio emissions from neutral hydrogen gas seen in the Southern Hemisphere. Since HVCs are mostly made of neutral hydrogen, they are contained in the GASS data. But GASS only tells us the direction and relative motion of these clouds, so the team had to estimate their distance. They did this by comparing the motion of the HVCs relative to the motion of the Magellanic clouds. Also, since GASS only observed portions of the southern sky, the authors used Bayesian statistics to calculate the distribution of HVCs within the entire galaxy. Previous observations of high-velocity clouds within the galactic disk of the Milky Way show that HVCs comprise a fraction of a percent of baryonic matter there. A simple extrapolation to the halo would suggest that up to 10% of halo baryonic mass could be due to HVCs. But this new work estimates the true value is closer to 0.1%, meaning that they comprise an insignificant fraction of baryonic mass in our galaxy’s halo. But the authors stress that their calculations are based on their assumptions of cloud distances, which could be wrong. Further radio surveys would be needed to pin down the HVC distances to obtain a better value. Reference: Tahir, Noraiz, Martín López-Corredoira, and Francesco De Paolis. “The baryonic mass estimates of the Milky Way halo in the form of high-velocity clouds.” New Astronomy 115 (2025): 102328. The post High Velocity Clouds Comprise Less of the Milky Way’s Mass Than We Thought appeared first on Universe Today.

Band sets run of 2025 shows in Sin City. Continue reading…

Set list will focus on songs released between 1977 and 1986. Continue reading…

Just a man and his guitar. Zach Top is delivering GOOD country music to attendees of the National Finals Rodeo in Las Vegas, Nevada. While the NFR is known for bringing together the top rodeo competitors nationwide to compete in the Super Bowl of rodeos, it also highlights many other aspects of the Western way of life. And what goes hand in hand with rodeos? Country music. The best part about the talent highlighted at the NFR is that it's authentic country music—none of that pop country junk. From Ryan Bingham, Cody Johnson, Corb Lund, Cody Jinks, Terri Clark, Southall, Colter Wall, and so many more, the NFR is practically a music festival inside the enormous rodeo. One artist who everyone is dying to see this year while at the NFR is the one and only Zach Top. The "Cold Beer & Country Music" singer has had a phenomenal year. He released his debut record, is climbing the charts with his hit "I Never Lie," receiving his first CMA Award, and has captured the hearts of country music fans of many generations with his revival of '90s country sound. Top has already popped around at some other folks' shows, like Riley Green's, for a medley of classic country songs. https://www.instagram.com/p/DDXigBrRBxZ/ But when he's not popping into other friends' performances, he also lays down his killer performances. The Washington native will make numerous appearances around Las Vegas throughout the week, but one that left us speechless was his performance at the Thomas & Mack Center. During the rodeo rounds, attendees also get to enjoy a performance each night as a part of their ticket. The Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association pulls out all the stops when it comes to inviting artists to perform, and Zach Top was honored to be one of those artists this year. While Top often brings his band along with him, he opted to do an entirely acoustic set for this performance. And WOW. You can hardly see a phone in sight throughout the arena as his stellar vocals and lyrics captivated the crowd wholly. In today's day and age, where we are all glued to our phones, that says everything you need to know about Zach Top and his talent. Even during Top's biggest hit, "I Never Lie," when you typically hear his fans screaming the lyrics alongside him, the crowd is left speechless by his vocals during the acoustic performance, locked in on his talent versus singing with him. Zach Top is doing it RIGHT this NFR. @whiskeyriff A man and his guitar. @Zach Top // ?: @Tori #whiskeyriff #zachtop #nfr ♬ original sound - Whiskey Riff While you're here, also check out a clip from another one of his performances thus far. He's brought his game face and is putting on stellar show after stellar show. @whiskeyriff That’s a good friend. // ?: @Shelby Buterbaugh #whiskeyriff #zachtop #nfr ♬ original sound - Whiskey Riff

The $12,000 Retirement Scam Nobody’s Talking About

Scott Presler Reveals The Plan To Flip New Jersey Red in 2025 On Fox News [WATCH]